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In the genetic blueprint for proteins, the information for each amino acid is encoded by codons. A codon consists of three consecutive building blocks of messenger RNA (mRNA), a base triplet that encodes exactly one amino acid. During protein synthesis, adaptor molecules - called tRNAs - specifically base-pair with the codon and bring the correct amino acid into the catalytic center of the ribosome, where it is attached to the growing peptide chain. Although this process has been thought to be highly accurate, on specific mRNAs ribosomes can be programmed to move by one base and thus change the meaning of all following codons. This phenomenon is called programmed ribosomal frameshifting (PRF) and is used in all domains of life, especially by pathogens such as viruses. As all downstream codons are affected, PRF can strongly alter the structure and function of the resulting protein. Junior Professor Neva Caliskan from the Helmholtz Institute for RNA-based Infection Research (HIRI) in Würzburg, a joint institution of the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research in Braunschweig and the Julius Maximilian University Würzburg, collaborated with researchers from the Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry (MPI-BPC) to develop a model to calculate the frameshift efficiency from the free energy of base pairing. Using this approach, the researchers can now predict sites in the genome where PRF is likely to occur, giving rise to altered proteomes. The study was recently published in the journal Nature Communications.

New medicines for treating tuberculosis, malaria and other infectious diseases are still urgently needed, particularly in developing countries. The spread of antibiotic-resistant germs also results in a critical shortage of effective medications for treating and containing infectious diseases. Although this is a global problem, developing and emerging countries are particularly affected. In order to counteract this trend, researchers at the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) in Braunschweig and its Saarbrücken-based branch, the Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), are now collaborating with Evotec, a leading drug discovery and development company, in a targeted search for new, effective drugs for treating tuberculosis (TB) and malaria. The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation is funding this collaboration over three years with 2.3 million euros.

The Scientific Director of the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Prof Dirk Heinz, the President of Saarland University, Prof Manfred Schmitt, the Managing Director of the Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS, a site of HZI), Prof Rolf Müller, and the Scientific Director of the Leibniz Institute for New Materials (INM), Prof Aránzazu del Campo, signed the collaboration agreement to launch the Pharmaceutical Research Alliance Saarland today.

Professor Rolf Müller ist mit der Ehrendoktorwürde der Shandong University in China ausgezeichnet worden. Die chinesische Partneruniversität würdigte damit die herausragenden Leistungen von Rolf Müller in der wissenschaftlichen Forschung, der internationalen Zusammenarbeit und der Talentförderung. Im Rahmen der bestehenden deutsch-chinesischen Kooperation soll die Erforschung dringend benötigter Antiinfektiva vorangebracht werden. Darüber hinaus ist Rolf Müller auf eine „Honorary Professorship“ der Universität Kapstadt berufen worden. Der Saarbrücker Forscher ist geschäftsführender Direktor des Helmholtz-Instituts für Pharmazeutische Forschung Saarland (HIPS), einer Einrichtung des Helmholtz-Zentrums für Infektionsforschung (HZI) in Kooperation mit der Universität des Saarlandes, und leitet dort die Abteilung „Mikrobielle Naturstoffe“.

Their ideas fight complicated urinary tract infections, ensure sustainable natural resource exploration and supply, and answer previously unanswered questions concerning nephrology and gynecology: Three Helmholtz research projects are about to bring their findings to market. To help them do so, they will receive valuable support from the largest German research organization’s “Helmholtz Enterprise” funding program.

The CRISPR-Cas technology can be used to precisely edit DNA. Originally, it is a viral defense mechanism of bacteria. The CRISPR-Cas systems currently in use in biotechnology are classified as class II. They are characterized by a single Cas (CRISPR-associated) protein that is sufficient for the activity of the system. In contrast, class I CRISPR-Cas systems require the interaction of multiple proteins. Researchers from Duke University (USA), North Carolina State University (USA), and the Helmholtz Institute for RNA-based Infection Research (HIRI) in Würzburg have, for the first time, used class I-systems to regulate gene expression in human cells. The HIRI is a joint institution of the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) in Braunschweig and the Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg. The study considerably expands the number of biotechnologically usable CRISPR-Cas systems for human therapeutics. It was published in the journal Nature Biotechnology.